ᚱ Elder Futhark Runes

What are Runes?

Also known as: Runic alphabet, Norse runes, Viking runes, Futhark

Runes originated around the 2nd century CE among Germanic tribes and represent one of the oldest writing systems of Northern Europe and Scandinavia. The word "Rune" comes from Old Germanic, meaning "secret" or "whisper," hinting at their sacred and mystical nature. According to Norse mythology, the god Odin hung himself upside down from Yggdrasil, the World Tree, for nine days and nights to gain the wisdom of the runes. The Elder Futhark is the oldest and most complete runic system, comprising 24 runes traditionally divided into three "Aettir" (families): Freya's Aett (creation and fertility), Heimdall's Aett (trials and transformation), and Tyr's Aett (order and destiny). Historically, runes were carved on stones, weapons, and amulets for everyday writing, divination, blessing, and magical rituals. The Viking Age (793-1066 CE) marked the peak of runic usage, and numerous runestones can still be found across Scandinavia today.